A Research Study On A Participant Observation Duncan ( 2004 )

Notwithstanding, there are challenges in autoethnographic study and these include: over reliance on personal writing style, lack of self-honesty, scholars’ failure to realise and link their personal experience to larger theoretical concepts; and researchers inability to defend against well-structured critiques whereas they still making claims to knowledge (Parks 1997). Also, Self-reflection serves as one of the major challenges in doing participant observation Duncan (2004). Autoethnographic investigation has not yet enjoyed the popularity, respect, and admiration of its ethnographic predecessors. With its use of self as a source of data, it has been criticized for being self-indulgent, introspective, and individualized (Holt 2003). 2.3 Ethnographic Background Ethnographic study started in the early 1900s with researchers like Malinowski exploring the natives of the Trobriand Islands off the coast of New Guinea in the 1920s where he engaged in participant observation of the natives (Duncan 2004). Participant observation requires that the researcher be the prime and direct instrument of data collection, and this inevitably involves the researcher’s self or subjectivity in the fieldwork (McNamee 2005). Some ethnographic researchers in sports used their own embodied sporting experiences to produce a range of thorough ethnographies or self-narratives regarding various sporting and physical activities (Sparkes 2000). Wacquant (2004) described sport as an embodied practice and inShow MoreRelatedCultural Study Of Anthropology Of Sports1493 Words   |  6 PagesThis chapter provides background information on the research topic. The study background are presented in this order: The first section covers a general overview of anthropology of sports. The second heading covers the ethnographic background. The third heading is of this chapter sheds light on autoethnographic study. The fourth heading is habitus, with a sub-heading thus: the socio-cultural study of the body. The fifth heading is on nationalisation theories. The sixth heading is on globalisationRead MoreAnthropology : The Anthropology Of Sports1496 Words   |  6 Pagesthe â€Å"study of man.† Anthropology is the most comprehensive among the social sciences, covering every aspect of human behaviour, past, present and the future (Blanchard 1995:2). The anthropology of sports serves as a unique social scientific approach to understand and analyse sports alongside the practical application of results to real problems (Blanchard 1995:23) and like all other social sciences, operates within â€Å"paradigms, models, and theories† to provide a better understanding of the study ofRead MoreThe Positive Effect of High Quality Childcare on Childrens Cogni tive Development1452 Words   |  6 Pagesoccur in early childhood including breastfeeding, parental intelligence and obstetric complications that have been researched to understand the effect that they have on children cognitive development extending into adolescence and adulthood. However, research regarding these variables has been met with several limitations. It will be argued that the quality and quantity of formal childcare is a key variable that will affect a child’s level of cognitive development. The ABS, 2011, defines formal childcareRead MoreEthnographic Background Of Ethnography And Ethnography1492 Words   |  6 Pagesdescription of a group of people (Agar 1982). Ethnography involves a holistic (general) approach to the study of cultural systems (knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, values and other mental predispositions), preferred behaviors and structural (social) relationships (Whitehead 2012:3). An ethnography is an all-inclusive description of a group of people by a researcher immersing him or herself in the study scene, for an extended period of time in order to comprehend how members understand their culture (AgarRead MoreThe Role Of Sports For Athletes And Women Athletes1500 Words   |  6 PagesThese organisations also continue empowering males (e.g., the amount of money FIFA gives to mens’ soccer teams during the World Cups is greater than the amount they give to womens’ teams). Such inequities sometimes serve as deterrents to female participants and thereby compromise efforts to create equality between the sexes (Grainey 2012:23). The internationalisation as well as the internationality of sports can be perceived as having positive values such as a defense against, for instance, AmericanRead MoreProper Neuropsychological Assessment Of The Case Of A 19 Year Old Man Under Investigation For Possible Shoplifting Suspected2147 Words   |  9 Pagesshow that TBI is much frequent in offender than in non-offender populations Hughes, Williams, Chitsabesan et al., (2015). Qualitative data regarding aspects of different cognitive and executive functions should be gathered from an interview and observation. For example, motivational capacity can be qualitatively assessed by asking the referred about likes and dislikes, hobbies, and how frequently he engages in these activities (Lezak et al., 2012). Lezak explains that patients with impaired motivationRead MoreThe Influence of Teacher Self-Efficacy on Technology Integration6875 Words   |  28 PagesGeorgeanna Adams-Molina, amp; Shelly Faulkner Lamar University Abstract As teachers strive to reinforce 21st century skills in today’s classrooms, successful technology integration has become an area of increasing interest in educational research (Beech, VanOverbeke, amp; Bonnstetter, 2009; Carter, 2008).While external first-order barriers such as availability of computers and access to the Internet are no longer common obstacles as compared to previous decades, internal second-order barriersRead MoreThe Wrestler s Body : Identity And Ideology1365 Words   |  6 PagesAnd Melissa Sheridan Embser-Herbert 2004 Constructions of Gender in Sport: An Analysis of Intercollegiate Media Guide Cover Photographs. Sage Canadian Association for the Advancement of Women in Sports and Physical Activity [CAAWS] (2005). Success Stories: Increasing Opportunities for Girls and Women in National and Multi-Sport Organizations CAAWS: Ottawa, Ont. Carter, Thomas 2002 on the Need for an Anthropological Approach to Sport, Identities: Global Studies in Culture and Power. Routledge. CentreRead MoreUnderstanding And Changing Social Factors That Affect The Culture And Body Of Sports2358 Words   |  10 Pagesof significant theoretical insights in anthropology and in other disciplines (Huizinga 1970; Turner 1982). Feminist research is explicitly directed towards identifying, understanding and changing social factors affecting women. ‘’Women’s participation in sports is a feminist issue deserving of research and theory development’’ Harrison and Fahy (2005:702). Many scholars in the study of sociology of sports use feminist theory to understand power and gender relations in the society (Coakley 2009:39)Read MoreVital Signs Essay3544 Words   |  15 PagesDo observations of vital signs really indicate how sick a child is? - Would this be an effective triage tool? Introduction This assignment will look at papers that are relevant to the research question posed; it will consider their validity, scope of relevance and whether further research may be needed either to answer the question or to clarify aspects of research already completed. Traditionally emphasis is placed on vital sign recording to indicate the severity of an illness, and with the

Ideal Characteristics of Platos Guardians - 1404 Words

Ideal Characteristics of Plato’s Guardians The characterisitics of the ideal guardian is summarized in those words by Socrates in the second book of the Republic : â€Å"[H]e who is to be a really good and noble guardian of the State will require to unite in himself philosophy and spirit and swiftness and strength. . .† Swiftness and strength is deemed necessary as the guardian is to be like a well-bred watchdog, who ought to be â€Å"quick to see, and swift to overtake the enemy when they see him, and strong too, if when they have caught him, they have to fight with him.† The requirement of ‘spirit’ is then derived from this, because if he is to fight well he ought to be brave, and Socrates finds that he is not likely to be brave who has not†¦show more content†¦Heroes should not be seen lamenting or fearing death. In short, only virtues which are desirable shall be depicted in their tales, and none that are undesirable which children migh t imitate. The gymnastic education that Socrates prescribes is not as complicated. He rather merely says that it would be sufficient for their purposes that those being reared to be guardians maintain a healthy diet and follow a simple exercise plan from youth. What is more emphasized by Socrates is that there should be balance in the study of both gymnastics and music, and that these studies should be properly harmonized. Those who neglect gymnastics will tend be soft, but on the other hand, those who likewise neglect music will tend to savagery. As Socrates says, â€Å"this ferocity only comes from spirit, which if rightly educated, would give courage, but, if too much intensified, is liable to become hard and brutal.† He continues, â€Å"On the other hand the philosopher will have the quality of gentleness. And this also, when too much indulged, will turn to softness, but, if educated rightly will be gentle and moderate.† Thus the traits that make a good guardian a re developed and nurtured through a good balance of musical and gymnastic education. That portion in the second book is where the qualities are actually first enumerated. The discussion will deviate a little in the third to the fifth books, and the subject will be brought up again in the sixth book. There SocratesShow MoreRelatedIdeal Characteristics of Platos Guardians1393 Words   |  6 PagesIdeal Characteristics of Plato’s Guardians The characterisitics of the ideal guardian is summarized in those words by Socrates in the second book of the Republic : â€Å"[H]e who is to be a really good and noble guardian of the State will require to unite in himself philosophy and spirit and swiftness and strength. . .† Swiftness and strength is deemed necessary as the guardian is to be like a well-bred watchdog, who ought to be â€Å"quick to see, and swift to overtake the enemy when they see him, and strongRead MoreComparison Between Plato And The Composition Of The Ideal City State1368 Words   |  6 Pages Plato and the Composition of the Ideal City-State in Parts I-III of The Republic Wei Ting Lee 500467076 Ryerson University Introduction Appearance versus reality is a pertinent theme in Plato’s dialogues. Yet, the precise nature of truth, the good and the beautiful all rely on contradiction, which the philosopher uses in his discussion of an ideal civil society. To properly understand Plato’s motivation, it is necessary to briefly explain his historical context: Athenian democracyRead MorePlato on the Parthenon Essay928 Words   |  4 Pagestangible and exists in our real world. The Parthenon is an architectural project and deals with forms of science and mathematics. Platos view of science and mathematics are categorized as forms in the Intelligible World, which are intangible. Through analysis of illusory tactics, the Tripartite Soul, the simile of the line, and the artistic qualities of architecture, Platos, as well as my view of the Parthenon will become evident. The Parthenon was built to honor the goddess of wisdom, Athena. WhenRead MoreEssay about Platos De Feminization of The Republic1731 Words   |  7 PagesPlatos De Feminization of The Republic Platos suggestion that female guardians do everything male guardians do is a radical and revolutionary proposal in a time when women were viewed as property. However there are complexities and contradictions in the Platonic text on female equality. He makes obvious statements and allusions those women are more cowardly, less trustworthy, innately worse then men. In Book V, he emphasizes that women, as a class are equals to men in capacity, although onRead MorePlatos Ideas About Philosopher Kings Depicted in Republic Essay1698 Words   |  7 PagesIn Platos most famous work Republic he puts forward the view that only the study of philosophy would allow man to see what was good and just. Therefore to cure the ills of society it would be necessary to either make kings philosophers or make philosophers kings. I intend to show how Plato justifies this view and then attempt to point out some possible problems with this justification and to forward my own view that the people should ultima tely be king. Platos starting point was his recognitionRead MoreEssay on Platos Republic Justified1084 Words   |  5 PagesPlatos Republic Justified In Platos Republic, Socrates leads a discussion with his fellow philosophers attempting to isolate the concept of justice in the soul. In order to accomplish this task, they hypothesize that justice can occur both in the city as well as and the soul. Because the philosophers are more familiar with the workings of a city than the soul, they try to find justice by creating the ideal city, or Kallipolis. When they find justice in the ideal city, they are able to applyRead MoreA Summary Of Plato And Aristotle818 Words   |  4 PagesPlato. This paper will provide an in-depth comparison of the potential for women to be rulers in Aristotle’s and Plato’s societies. Secondly, this paper will seek to determine whether or not Aristotle’s and Plato’s ancient views regarding the role of women are relevant in modern day politics. In many of his writings, specifically the Republic, Plato describes what he considers to be the ideal society. Plato contradicts Aristotle’s beliefs because he believes women should hold important positions in politicsRead More Comparing Platos Republic and Gullivers Travels Essay838 Words   |  4 PagesPlatos Republic and Gullivers Travels      Ã‚  Ã‚   In The Republic, Plato attempts to define the ideal state as it relates to the tripartite division of the soul. In this division, wisdom, the rational characteristic of the soul, is the most valuable and important. In the ideal state the ruling class would be the guardians, those who maintain rationality and will operate according to wisdom. Each individual should be put to use for which nature intended them, one to one work, and then every manRead MoreThe Characteristics Of Thomas Mores Utopia913 Words   |  4 Pagesdefined the word as either â€Å"a good place† or â€Å"no place.† In the novel, More described an ideal communal society that was almost unheard of in his time. His â€Å"Utopia,† whose name was possibly derived from the Greek roots â€Å"ou not† and â€Å"tà ³p(os) a place† (â€Å"Utopia), can ultimately be considered a prototype of a modern welfare state (â€Å"Utopia (book)†). This, combined with a lack of private property and other characteristics, provided the backbone for many experimental societies, both fictional and real, sinceRead MorePlato Communism1302 Words   |  6 PagesPLATOS THEORY OF COMMUNISM Plato was born in may/june 428/27 BC in Athens in an aristocratic family . Platos real name was Aristocles.He excelled in the study of music , mathematics ,poetry and rhetoric . Plato met with Socrates in 407 BC and became his desciple . The execution of Socrates proved to be the turning point of Platos life . Plato left Athens and went to many countries , studying mathematics and the historical traditions of the priests . He returned to Athens in 386 BC and established

Competitive Analysis Shell Company - 1683 Words

COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS Shell is the largest oil, gas, and energy company compared to Total, Exxon, Chevron, and BP. Shell is very competitive and innovative because they out-think their competition always change their strategy to be the best. Shell changed their name from Shell Oil Gas to Shell Energy to set them aside from the competition which was a brilliant move. Peter Voser, the Chief Executive Officer of Royal Dutch Shell stated, â€Å"We are delivering a strategy that others can’t easily repeat, with unique skills in technology and integration and a worldwide set of opportunities for new investment†. Shell recently invested and merged with BG Group and changed the entire portfolio which could possibly make them billions in the†¦show more content†¦BP tends to make bets that others don’t which is most likely why the disastrous deep water horizon oil spill occurred in the Gulf of Mexico five years ago. The fire burned for 36 hours while hydrocarbons leaked into the gulf before the well was sealed, unfortunately eleven individuals died. It has been difficult for BP to be the best company right now since this falling and they have been in reparation mode since this catastrophe. However, BP is now incorporating high safety and showed everyone that they are very reliable on the recovery of this hardship of BP trying to mix oil with water. BP came together to control the situation, cleanup, and diminish as much contamination as possible into the gulf. In addition, they are devoted long term to improve the Gulf of Mexico’s bionetwork and promise to be more careful so this will not happen again. Shell must be sharp and focus to sustain competitive advantage over Total, Exxon, Chevron, and BP. Shell lowered costs at its Canadian operations to ensure that they remain competitive in other regions. Shell is believed to be around longer than any other oil, gas, and energy com pany because of the new patents and creations they are about to be a part of in the alternative energy industry. Shell has countless projects in the future and will still be the largest andShow MoreRelatedMarketing -Segmantation Analysis of Shell1315 Words   |  6 PagesMarketing-Segmentation analysis of Shell Shell Oil Products Company succeeded in building its new brand image to increase retail marketing revenues.In this case analysis, we will use STP to analyze Shell’s sucessful marketing strategy. 1. Segmentation Oil station market consists of buyers who differ in one or more ways, so Shell need first segment its potential consumer market. There are several major variables that can be used in segmenting consumer markets, including geographic, demographicRead MoreStrategic Decision Level Of Strategic Decisions1494 Words   |  6 Pages1.1.1 Strategic decision level Strategic decision level plays the most important role in any company. They decide the success of the company and they have long period indication towards the company. They involve in most of the departures from practices and procedures. Strategic decisions are unstructured and the manager has to imply his or her business decision, interpretation and instinct into the problem. These decisions depend on some parts of information from environmental factors which areRead MoreCompany Background Of Exxonmobil ( Xom ) Is An Oil And Gas Company Based Out Of Texas, Usa1599 Words   |  7 PagesCOMPANY BACKGROUND ExxonMobil (XOM) is an oil and gas company based out of Texas, USA. ExxonMobil is considered to be among the top companies in the Major Integrated Oil and Gas industry. Their standing among competitors is based off of several major indicators such as revenues, production, oil and gas reserves and profits. ExxonMobil was formed in 1999 from a merger of Exxon and Mobil oil and gas companies. ExxonMobil has encompasses the resources and structures of Standard Oil. They are also world’sRead MoreSwot Analysis : Oil And Gas Industry1213 Words   |  5 Pagesproducts of oil and gas companies. The ExxonMobil is one of the largest companies in the oil and gas industry. This company had experienced ups and own in its journey from beginning till now. In this regard this paper discusses about the Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis for ExxonMobil along with competitors analysis for the same company. The case of study ‘Oil and Gas Industry’ is anal yzed for the conducting SWOT analysis and competitor analysis for ExxonMobil. AboutRead MorePEST Analysis on Shell2267 Words   |  10 PagesSECTION 1: PEST Analysis Royal Dutch Shell plc also known as Shell is an Anglo-Dutch multinational oil and gas company. It’s headquarter is located in The Hague, Netherland while its registered office is located in London, United Kingdom. Shell is the world’s second largest revenue company and it operates in over 90 countries and has 44,000 service stations worldwide. PEST analysis, â€Å"Political, Economic, Social and Technological analysis† is the external macro-environment in which a firm operatesRead MoreAcc 560 Week 9 Assignment 2 Johnson Controls Capital Investments1706 Words   |  7 PagesWeek 2 of the online course shell. You may also view the article athttp://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/22/business/apple-america-and-a-squeezed-middle-class.html?pagewanted=1amp;_r=1. Next, recommend one approach that the American labor market can take in order to lower the direct labor costs of technology products while remaining competitive with the Asian market. Provide a rationale for your res ponse. * Imagine that you are a Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of a company. Recommend tow (2) actions thatRead MoreBusiness and Society Final - Group 06.Doc1478 Words   |  6 PagesGroup Assignment - Project Report Case: Shell Oil in Nigeria CLASS: BUS6351 - 2010SU-25535-BUSINESS AND SOCIETY Submitted by: Group 06 Nawazuddin Mohammed Khaja Randy Janssen Olufunto Ogunnowo Ladarien Richardson James Groesbeck Abstract The purpose of this paper is to critically analyze the case â€Å"Shell Oil in Nigeria† presented in our text book â€Å"Business and Society†. Here we discuss the company’s mission statement, their crisisRead MoreHyundai Case Study1169 Words   |  5 PagesAbout HMC The Hyundai Motor Company (HMC) is the largest South Korean automobile manufacturer, which is the fifth largest automaker in the world. In 2006 and occupied the 10th place in the world ranking of OICA. In 2007 Hyundai again have excellent grades in initial quality survey by JD Power, one of the indicators of the industry most respected and that measures the performance of cars and customer satisfaction during the first 3 months of use. In Korean, the word Hyundai means modernity†Read MoreBp Oil Spill1094 Words   |  5 PagesLater 1. What external environment (general, industry, and competitive) segments do you think BP considered or didn’t consider prior to their drilling of the Gulf Coast? What should the wedding business owners now consider in their external environment? BP decided to drill in the Gulf Coast mostly because of the oil availability and competition. Opportunity was definitely considered by BP. The North Sea was saturated with other oil companies and BP saw an opportunity in the Gulf of Mexico (Pour,Read MoreBritish Petroleum and Its Corporate Strategy1595 Words   |  7 PagesBritish Petroleum and its Corporate Strategy Introduction The organisation environment is always changing and therefore it is essential that a structured, detailed and continuous analysis of the principal dimensions of the environment is made. In order to profitably satisfy customer needs, an organisation must understand its external and internal situation including the customer, the market and its own capabilities. Furthermore, it needs to understand and adapt to the dynamic and uncontrollable

Group Thinking

Question: Which symptoms of groupthink do you feel are more common than the others? Share your reasoning. Answer: From the eight main symptoms of Groupthink, it can be stated that excessive stereotyping is a common symptoms among others. This means the group constructs negative stereotypes of rivals in and outside the world (Peterson, 2012). This can be avoided by bringing change and ready for taking new challenges by the individuals. Teams should be ready for enhancing experimental strategies and activities in way of setting educational workshop at the same time. Therefore, it is advisable to avoid groupthink that can be dangerous and has negative effects (Ozawa et al. 2014). Reference List Ozawa, S., Minato, A., Itaba, M., Murayama, S., Quarmal, S. B. (2014, November). Modeling of personal thinking and its application to studies of group thinking over the Internet. In Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM), 2014 IEEE International Conference on (pp. 15-17). IEEE. Peterson, R. (2012). Group Thinking. Business Strategy Review, 23(1), 48-50.